Cytotoxicity, chemical stability, and surface properties of ferroelectric ceramics for biomaterials
Matias Acosta
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorRainer Detsch
Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAlina Grünewald
Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorVirginia Rojas
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJan Schultheiß
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAleksandra Wajda
Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorRobert W. Stark
Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorSuman Narayan
Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorMaciej Sitarz
Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jurij Koruza
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Correspondence
Aldo R. Boccaccini, Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Jurij Koruza, Jurij Koruza, Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Aldo R. Boccaccini
Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Correspondence
Aldo R. Boccaccini, Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Jurij Koruza, Jurij Koruza, Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMatias Acosta
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorRainer Detsch
Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAlina Grünewald
Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorVirginia Rojas
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJan Schultheiß
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorAleksandra Wajda
Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorRobert W. Stark
Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorSuman Narayan
Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Center of Smart Interfaces, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorMaciej Sitarz
Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Jurij Koruza
Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
Correspondence
Aldo R. Boccaccini, Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Jurij Koruza, Jurij Koruza, Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Aldo R. Boccaccini
Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Correspondence
Aldo R. Boccaccini, Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Jurij Koruza, Jurij Koruza, Institute of Materials Science, Department of Geo- and Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Surface chemistry and topo-physical properties determine the interactions of biomaterials with their physiological environment. Ferroelectrics hold great promise as the next generation of scaffolds for tissue repair since they feature tunable surface electrical charges, piezoelectricity, and sensing capabilities. We investigate the topography, wettability, chemical stability, and cytotoxicity in salient ferroelectric systems such as (1−x) (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3–xBaTiO3, (1−x)Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3−x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3, and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 to test their suitability as biomaterials. The lead-free ferroelectrics promote in vitro cell viability and proliferation to a considerably high extent. 0.94 mol % (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3–0.06 mol% BaTiO3 showed the greatest potential leading to a cell viability of (149 ± 30)% and DNA synthesis of (299 ± 85)% in comparison to the reference. Lead leaching from Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 negatively affected the cultured cells. Wettability and chemical stability are key factors that determine the cytotoxicity of ferroelectrics. These variables have to be considered in the design of novel electroactive scaffolds based on ferroelectric ceramics.
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