This study investigates the impact of doping varying amounts of Er₂O₃ (0–4%) in aluminoborosilicate glass sealant on reducing boron species volatility and their consequent interaction on LSM–YSZ composite cathode in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The results demonstrate that incorporating Er₂O₃ significantly reduces boron volatility, strengthens the glass structure network, and enhances the electrocatalytic activity of the LSM–YSZ electrode for the oxygen reduction reaction.

The electrode capacitance is measured to access the effective charge carrier concentration in lithium disilicate glass, revealing that a small fraction (∼1 mol%) of lithium ions contribute as effective charge carriers at room temperature.